This has been a busy week in the tech world, particularly regarding artificial intelligence’s rapid march—Google finally detailed how it’s stuffing A.I. into every crevice of its being at its developer conference on Wednesday, and Microsoft continued doing much the same. But if innovation is happening at speed, countervailing regulation is also gathering momentum. Here’s a quick rundown of developments just from the last couple days.
Let’s start in the U.S., where Minnesota lawmakers just passed a bill tackling the nascent problem of deepfakes. Under the bill, people could have to pay up to $10,000 in fines, or go to prison for up to five years, if they are caught non-consensually disseminating deepfake sexual images of other people, or if they spread deepfakes in the hope of influencing an election.
The bill was so popular in the Minnesota Senate that just one member voted against it, and that’s only because he wanted the fines to be higher.
Over to China, where a man has been arrested for allegedly using ChatGPT to generate a fake news article about a real, fatal train crash. The man, named Hong, generated multiple, slightly different versions of the article to help it bypass checks on a Baidu-owned blogging platform.
This is the first arrest under China’s new law covering “deep synthesis technologies.” ChatGPT—the sudden advent of which prompted the law—is supposed to be blocked in China anyway, but clearly not very effectively.
Meanwhile, two European Parliament committees have cleared their preferred version of the EU’s A.I. Act bill, which has also been heavily rejigged to take account of our new generative-A.I. reality. Digital rights organizations are delighted to see that the committees want the bill to ban facial recognition in public spaces, to forbid private “social scoring” systems, and to make sure people know when high-risk A.I. systems are making decisions about them.
Big Tech lobbyists are grumbling that this version of the bill would prohibit too many kinds of A.I. systems—and they don’t like the fact that it would force A.I. companies to disclose which copyrighted data they used when training their models. The full parliament still needs to vote on this version of the bill next month, after which the final “trilogue” negotiations with the European Commission and member states can begin.
Zooming in on Germany and out from specifically A.I.-related matters: One of the country’s big consumer organizations just won a legal action blocking Deutsche Telekom from transmitting the personal data of its website visitors to the U.S.
Specifically, Telekom has Google Analytics embedded on its site, and the consumer advocates convinced the court that Google can’t legally transmit visitors’ IP addresses and device information back to America. Why? The same 2020 ruling from the EU’s top court that could soon see Facebook and Instagram blocked from serving European users, on the basis that U.S. surveillance practices mean Europeans’ personal data isn’t safe there. This issue is not going away anytime soon.
And one final trip, this time to Italy, where the competition regulator just opened an antitrust investigation into Apple, for allegedly abusing its dominant app-market position by putting heavier privacy restrictions on third-party app developers than on itself.
A couple years ago, Apple put more power into the hands of users by letting them choose whether or not to be tracked by the apps on their phones. The Italian watchdog claims Apple’s consent requests are phrased to discourage tracking when it comes to third-party apps but not its own—it also accuses Apple of giving outside developers inferior data on user profiling and ad campaign effectiveness. It’s a clash between privacy and competition law that the online ad industry has been playing up ever since Apple made its pro-privacy changes. Similar investigations are also underway in Germany and Poland.
An Apple spokesperson told Fortune that its so-called App Tracking Transparency "simply gives users the choice whether or not they want to allow apps to track them or share their information with data brokers. These rules apply equally to all developers—including Apple—and we have received strong support from regulators and privacy advocates for this feature."
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David Meyer
Data Sheet’s daily news section was written and curated by Andrea Guzman.
