President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has urged Ukrainians to be patient and strong in resisting the rigours of winter, as officials press ahead with efforts to restore power and other services knocked out by Russian air strikes.
Russia has been pounding Ukraine's power infrastructure since early October, causing blackouts and leaving millions without heating as temperatures plummet.
"To get through this winter, we must be even more resilient and even more united than ever," Mr Zelenskyy said in his nightly address on Sunday.
"We cannot allow any kind of internal conflicts and strike that can weaken us all, even if someone out there thinks that it will somehow strengthen him personally."
Western nations have condemned waves of Russian air strikes on civilian and power infrastructure.
On Saturday, US Under Secretary for Political Affairs Victoria Nuland said that Russian President Vladimir Putin was taking the war to a new level of "barbarism" by trying to turn off the lights of Ukrainian civilians.
Russia says the assaults do not target civilians and are meant to reduce Ukraine's ability to fight and push it to negotiate, although Kyiv says such attacks are a war crime.
Western pressure on Moscow for its actions in Ukraine culminated in the imposition of a $US60-($87.85)-per-barrel price cap on Russian seaborne crude oil that came into force on Monday.
Russia's deputy prime minister said Moscow was working on ways to prohibit the use of a price cap.
"We will sell oil and petroleum products only to those countries that will work with us under market conditions, even if we have to reduce production a little," Alexander Novak said.
On Saturday, Mr Zelenskyy said that the world had shown weakness by setting the cap at $US60.
Scheduled blackouts
In Ukraine, officials have been resorting to scheduled blackouts as they race to restore power.
Kyiv's mayor, Vitaliy Klitschko, said on Telegram that blackouts would be confined from Monday to planned "stabilisation" power cut-offs to get the grid working again, but added the situation remained "difficult".
The country's largest power supplier, DTEK, said blackouts were planned for three other regions: Odesa, Donetsk and Dnipropetrovsk in Ukraine's south and east.
In Kherson, left largely without power when Russian forces abandoned the southern city last month, the regional governor said 85 per cent of customers now had electricity.
However, the offer by local authorities in Kherson to allow residents to cross the Dnipro to join relatives had little effect.
The local council said a woman was killed while trying to make the crossing and no other attempts were recorded.
On the battlefront, Mr Zelenskyy said Ukrainian forces were holding positions along the frontline, including near Bakhmut, viewed as Russia's next target in its advance through Donetsk.
In its evening report, the General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces said Russian forces pressed for improved tactical positions to advance on Bakhmut and on the town of Avdiivka, just inside Ukrainian-controlled territory.
Russian forces trained tank and artillery fire on both cities as well as about eight other centres.
Andriy Yermak, Mr Zelenskyy's chief of staff, said on Telegram that five volunteers from the former Soviet state of Georgia were among those killed near Bakhmut.
Russian forces also shelled 25 settlements along frontlines in the south, including the city of Kherson and Nikopol — on the Ukrainian-held side of the Kakhovka reservoir — opposite the Russian-held Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant.
The mayor of Nikopol, Yevhen Yevtushenko, said one resident had died and urged residents to remain in underground shelters.
In a stark reminder of the human cost of the invasion, the Ukrainian parliament's commissioner for human rights, Dmytro Lubinets, said more than 2.8 million Ukrainians had been deported to Russian territory since the invasion in February.
Reuters/ABC
