Recent data and US officials reveal a significant increase in surveillance of Mexican drug cartels by the US military. Over the past two weeks, sophisticated spy planes have conducted at least 18 missions over the southwestern US and international airspace around the Baja peninsula. This surge in activity, a departure from the historical norm of one surveillance mission per month, is part of President Trump's directive to secure the border and combat drug smuggling operations.
The missions, including flights by Navy P-8s and a U-2 spy plane, mark a shift in national security focus towards the southern border. The Pentagon's use of these advanced aircraft highlights the military's role in counternarcotics efforts and border security, traditionally led by domestic law enforcement agencies.
While the purpose of the intelligence gathered remains unclear, there are concerns that it could lead to direct US military action within Mexico. Trump's consideration of designating cartels as foreign terrorist organizations has raised questions about potential military interventions and strained relations with Mexico.
In addition to increased surveillance, thousands of active-duty troops have been deployed to the border to support Border Patrol and assess threats. However, these troops are not authorized for law enforcement roles and are prohibited from engaging with migrants beyond transportation assistance.
Experts note the differences between cartels and traditional terrorist groups, emphasizing the commercial nature of cartels and their complex relationships with the Mexican government. This distinction poses unique challenges for the military, which historically collaborates with law enforcement agencies in counternarcotics efforts.
As the US military takes on a more prominent role in counternarcotics missions, the evolving dynamics between cartels, law enforcement, and military forces raise concerns about potential escalations in violence and the need for strategic cooperation with Mexico.
