In response to mounting criticism over the link between biomass energy and deforestation, the South Korean government has announced plans to scale back subsidies for biomass energy. While environmental activists have welcomed the reforms, they have also raised concerns about loopholes and the slow timeline for phasing out the subsidies.
Biomass power, primarily generated by burning wood, has been a significant source of renewable energy in South Korea, receiving millions of dollars in subsidies through the renewable energy certificates program. However, the reliance on imported wood pellets has raised alarms, with imports accounting for 82% of the country's wood pellet demand in 2023.
The government's revised policy includes ending subsidies for new biomass power plants and phasing out support for existing state-owned plants co-firing coal and biomass. While the move is seen as a step in the right direction, critics point out that domestically produced wood pellets and chips will continue to receive support, potentially posing a threat to South Korea's forests.
Experts believe that South Korea's policy shift could influence how other countries approach biomass energy in their energy transitions. The International Energy Agency emphasizes the importance of sustainable biomass practices, such as using waste and crop residue instead of converting forest land for bioenergy crops.
Many scientists and environmentalists have expressed concerns about the environmental impact of biomass energy, citing potential carbon emissions and deforestation issues. Critics argue that transitioning directly to clean energy sources would be more effective in combating climate change.
As countries worldwide accelerate their energy transitions, the debate over the role of biomass in the renewable energy landscape continues. The South Korean government's decision reflects a broader discussion on the sustainability of biomass energy and its implications for the environment.
