An expert has revealed when and how much sunscreen Scots should wear for maximum protection.
With summer just around the corner, sun worshipers are preparing to jet off to warmer destinations for some rest and relaxation. For many holidaymakers, a trip away means lying out for hours to get extra vitamin D.
The sun is a nice change from Scotland's, at times, gloomy weather, but it's important to be aware of the risk factors that cause skin cancer. It's the most common form of the disease in the UK and kills over 3,200 people every year.
While it can be fatal, stats from Cancer Research indicate that 86 per cent of cases are preventable. According to one skin cancer surgeon, sunscreen should be applied generously at least 15 minutes before any sun exposure.
"It is important to not only wear sunscreen, but to wear enough of it,” says Dr Antony Nakhla, founder of skincare brand Eighth Day. As a rough guide, he advises: “A teaspoon for the face. A full shot glass for the body.”
There are two main types of skin cancer - melanoma and non-melanoma, with the former being more deadly, but less common. While factors like age and genetics can play a role in skin cancer risks, its main trigger is UV light.
“Skin cancer is the result of mutations in skin cell DNA from exposure to UV light and other carcinogens,” he explains. "Skin cancers can also occur from a genetic predisposition, where mutated skin cells rapidly divide and grow into tumours.”
Ahead of Sun Awareness Week, which lasts from May 1-8, Dr Nakhla has shared four other tips he wants everyone to know about staying protected and preventing skin cancer.
1. Make sure kids are protected
“The majority of sun damage occurs in childhood, which manifests as skin cancer later in life,” Dr Nakhla says.
“Thus, it is crucial to protect children from sunburns and overexposure to sun.” Parents should use SPF 50 on kids – or better yet keep them covered with UV protection clothing when exposed.
During summer or while on holiday, it’s best to stay in the shade when UV rays are strongest, from 11am to 3pm.
2. Reapply regularly
It’s not enough to put on lots of sunscreen first thing in the morning then forget about it.
“Reapplication is key when extended hours are planned in the sun,” Nakhla says. “One should reapply every two hours or so, depending on activities – swimming, volleyball or other sweaty activities may require more frequent reapplication.”
3. Don’t underestimate the risk
“While lighter skin types are more prone to developing skin cancer, all skin types can develop skin cancer, including the deadliest type – melanoma,” Nakhla explains.
Whatever your skin type, you should still use sunscreen and never let skin burn.
4. If in doubt, check it out
This is the mantra of skin cancer specialists who recommend keeping an eye on moles - especially if you have a lot - watching out for any changes in shape, size, colour or texture.
If in doubt, consult your GP, who may refer your to a specialist for further investigation.
Nakhla says: “A yearly skin exam by a board-certified dermatologist is critical for early detection and early treatment, particularly for those who have a family history.”
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