An uneasy calm in Kyiv on Friday was broken by air-raid sirens that also blared across the rest of Ukraine despite a Russian ceasefire declaration for the Orthodox Christmas, a truce scorned by Ukrainian officials as a ploy.
No explosions were heard in the capital, however. And reports of sporadic fighting elsewhere in Ukraine were unconfirmed. Clashes there could take hours to become public.
Kyiv residents ventured out into a light dusting of snow to buy gifts, cakes and groceries for Christmas Eve family celebrations, hours after the ceasefire was to have started,
Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday ordered his forces in Ukraine to observe a unilateral, 36-hour ceasefire. Kyiv officials dismissed the move but didn’t clarify whether Ukrainian troops would follow suit.
Moscow also didn’t say whether its forces would retaliate if Ukraine kept fighting, but the Moscow-appointed head of the Donetsk region, Denis Pushilin, said they would.
The Russian-declared truce in the nearly 11-month war began at noon Friday and was to continue through midnight Saturday Moscow time (0900 GMT Friday to 2100 GMT Saturday; 4 a.m. EST Friday to 4 p.m. EST Saturday).
Air-raid sirens sounded in Kyiv about 40 minutes after the Russian ceasefire was to come into effect. The widely used “Alerts in Ukraine” app, which includes information from emergency services, showed sirens blaring across the country.
Russia's Defense Ministry alleged that Ukrainian forces continued to shell its positions, and said its forces returned fire to suppress the attacks. But it wasn’t clear from the statement whether the attacks and return of fire took place before or after the ceasefire took effect.
The ministry's spokesman, Igor Konashenkov, reported multiple Ukrainian attacks in the eastern Donetsk, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions. It was not possible to verify the claims.
Putin’s announcement Thursday that the Kremlin’s troops would stop fighting along the more than 1,000-kilometer (680-mile) front line and elsewhere was unexpected. It came after the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, Patriarch Kirill, proposed a ceasefire for the Orthodox Christmas holiday. The Orthodox Church, which uses the Julian calendar, celebrates Christmas on Jan. 7.
But Ukrainian and Western officials suspected an ulterior motive in Putin’s apparent goodwill gesture. They portrayed the announcement as an attempt by Putin to grab the moral high ground while possibly seeking to snatch the battlefield initiative and rob the Ukrainians of momentum amid their counteroffensive of recent months.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused the Kremlin of planning the fighting pause “to continue the war with renewed vigor.”
“Now they want to use Christmas as a cover to stop the advance of our guys in the (eastern) Donbas (region) for a while and bring equipment, ammunition and mobilized people closer to our positions,” Zelenskyy said late Thursday.
He didn't, however, state outright that Kyiv would ignore Putin’s request.
US President Joe Biden echoed Zelenskyy's wariness, saying it was “interesting” that Putin was ready to bomb hospitals, nurseries and churches in recent weeks on Christmas and New Year’s.
“I think (Putin) is trying to find some oxygen,” Biden said.
US State Department spokesman Ned Price said Washington had “little faith in the intentions behind this announcement,” adding that Kremlin officials “have given us no reason to take anything that they offer at face value.”
The Institute for the Study of War agreed the truce could be a ruse allowing Russia to regroup.
“Such a pause would disproportionately benefit Russian troops and begin to deprive Ukraine of the initiative,” the think tank said late Thursday. “Putin cannot reasonably expect Ukraine to meet the terms of this suddenly declared ceasefire, and may have called for the ceasefire to frame Ukraine as unaccommodating and unwilling to take the necessary steps toward negotiations.”
And Anna Borshchevskaya, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute, said whether or not the ceasefire holds, “I don’t take it at face value.”
“When Russia announces ceasefires, in the way Russia conducts war, there are usually ulterior motives,” she said. “Historically, what the Russian government and Russian military usually do when they announce a ceasefire is to use it as a tactical opportunity, to just take a breather or gain a little bit of space.”
Meanwhile, the US was due to reinforce its support for Ukraine on Friday by announcing nearly $3 billion in military aid — a major new package expected for the first time to include several dozen Bradley fighting vehicles.
Germany also plans to send armored personnel carriers by the end of March.
On the streets of Kyiv, some civilians said Friday that they spoke from bitter experience in doubting Russia’s motives.
“Everybody is preparing (for an attack), because everybody remembers what happened on the new year when there were around 40 Shahed” Iranian drones, said capitol resident Vasyl Kuzmenko. “But everything is possible.”
