Seasonal affective disorder is often associated with the colder months, but some experience it during the summer too.
The NHS has said that SAD is sometimes known as "winter depression", with more severe symptoms around darker nights and colder weather. But around 10% of those with SAD experience it during the summer season according to scientific research.
There are several reasons why some may suffer from SAD that are linked to warmer weather. Here is a rundown of everything you need to know about SAD during summer.
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What is SAD?
People with SAD are affected severely by seasonal changes. These include changes in the weather and different daylight hours.
SAD during winter is usually linked to a lack of exposure to sunlight during shorter days. This can make you more sleepy, reduce levels of serotonin and adversely affect your body clock.
What are the symptoms of SAD?
According to the NHS, symptoms of SAD can include:
a persistent low mood
a loss of pleasure or interest in normal everyday activities
irritability
feelings of despair, guilt and worthlessness
feeling lethargic (lacking in energy) and sleepy during the day
sleeping for longer than normal and finding it hard to get up in the morning
craving carbohydrates and gaining weight
difficulty concentrating
decreased sex drive
Many symptoms of SAD overlap with those of depression.
Why do some people suffer from SAD during the summer?
Less is known about SAD during summer. Stephen Buckley, head of information at the mental health charity Mind, argues that the causes are “unlikely to be purely physical” and can’t be understood fully.
Nevertheless, Mr Buckley has put forward some theories which might explain why. Insecurity around how you look could be one factor.
He said: "Lots of people find body image worries are heightened in summer, especially for people who are unhappy with their weight, size or have scars from self-harming, for example.”
He also suggested that shorter nights can disrupt sleeping patterns, which matches signs of SAD during the winter months. Others have suggested the hot weather, just like the cold, can have a bad impact on your mood.
There can be added financial pressures during summer too. You have more costs to cover holidays, days out and childcare, which could also affect how you’re feeling.
How can I treat SAD?
If you believe you are suffering from SAD, you should contact your GP. The main treatments for it are:
Lifestyle measures – including getting as much natural sunlight as possible, exercising regularly and managing your stress levels
Light therapy – where a special lamp called a light box is used to simulate exposure to sunlight
Talking therapies – such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or counselling
Antidepressant medicine – such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
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