Poland's six-month presidency of the European Union is centered on security, particularly at its border with Belarus. With Europe facing significant challenges amid the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the border has become a critical area for defending the EU's values.
Approximately 13,000 border guards and soldiers are stationed along the 400-kilometer border with Belarus, which has transformed into a buffer zone since Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The region near the town of Polowce features a 5.5-meter steel barrier topped with razor wire and security cameras, symbolizing the heightened security measures in place.
Poland, a key supporter of Ukraine, serves as a logistical hub for Western-supplied arms and equipment to Ukraine's armed forces. Meanwhile, Russia and Belarus are accused of using Belarus as a staging ground for their activities.
The border security efforts have intensified due to what Poland describes as hybrid warfare tactics by Russia and Belarus. Migrants, mainly from Africa and the Middle East, are allegedly being assisted in crossing the border to provoke and destabilize Poland and Europe.
Last year, nearly 30,000 attempted border crossings were reported, with most migrants being young men from countries like Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia. Polish authorities claim that these migrants are facilitated by Belarusian security services and other organizers, often Ukrainians.
Border guards have reported being attacked, with incidents involving slingshots, explosives, rocks, and pepper spray. The situation has led to casualties among both migrants and security personnel.
While Poland insists on sending back those who cross the border illegally, humanitarian organizations have raised concerns about alleged pushbacks and the treatment of migrants. The government's approach to border security and asylum applications has drawn both support and criticism.
As Poland continues to navigate security challenges at its border, the country's actions have received approval from EU leaders. The intersection of security and migration policies remains a highly politicized issue, with implications for both domestic and EU politics.
