Most pet owners do not know this, but seizures are a common neurological issue in pets. They can happen anytime and anywhere, leaving you feeling highly distressed. For that reason, owners need to understand the causes, symptoms and when to contact an emergency vet near you for help.
What causes seizures in pets?
Before we get into the causes, it is important to note that seizures in pets are a symptom rather than a condition. In other words, if your pet has a seizure, it may be indicative of an external trigger or an underlying condition that needs the intervention of a vet. So, what are the causes of seizures in pets?
Underlying medical conditions
These refer to any health issues that might directly affect brain function and increase the risk of seizures in pets. Examples include:
- Epilepsy – epilepsy is the most common cause of seizures in pets. It is primarily genetic for most breeds and is diagnosed once the vet rules out other possible causes.
- Brain tumours – these are most common in older pets. They can cause seizures as they put pressure on brain tissue and disrupt normal electrical activity.
- Head trauma – accidents and falls can cause injuries to the brain, leading to swelling or bleeding. These issues can trigger abnormal brain activity, leading to seizures.
- Liver and kidney disease – the liver and kidney help filter toxins from the bloodstream. If they have any issues, the toxins could reach the brain affecting its function and leading to brain seizures.
- Toxin exposure – if your pet is exposed to toxins like pesticides or chocolate, they may experience neurological symptoms, including seizures.
- Low blood sugar – other issues like low blood sugar can deprive the brain of energy, potentially leading to seizures.
Other triggers
These triggers do not cause seizures on their own, however, they can increase the risk in pets that are already prone to seizures. Examples include:
- Stress and excitement – too much stress (loud noises or unfamiliar environments) can increase the likelihood of seizures. This is also the same with overexcitement, such as having ‘too much fun’ during playtime.
- Flashing patterns and lights – strobing lights and certain patterned surfaces could overstimulate the brain, increasing the risk of seizures in pets.
What are The Symptoms of Seizures in Pets?
One question many owners ask: How do I know my pet is having a seizure? If someone poses the question to you, the first thing that comes to mind is convulsion and shaking uncontrollably. But, that is not the only sign. Here is how you can know your pet is having a seizure:
Physical symptoms
Physical symptoms of seizures in pets include stiffening of the body or jerking/twitching movements. In some cases, your pet may also lose consciousness momentarily and you might notice drooling or foaming on the mouth.
The symptoms above may also be accompanied by defecation or urination, especially if the seizures are violent.
Behavioural changes
Sometimes seizures in pets can be mild, and manifest in the form of behavioural changes. Owners may notice symptoms like confusion/disorientation, staring spells, hiding/seeking comfort or any other behaviour that is not normal for their pet.
When to call an emergency vet
When your pet has a seizure for the very first time, it is okay to schedule an evaluation as soon as possible. However, seizures can become an emergency if they occur multiple times in a row or last for more than 5 minutes. In such a case, it is wise to have a 24 hour vet at your door immediately. That ensures your pet gets urgent care without the hassle of travelling to a clinic.
Pet seizures can be scary for both the pet and the owner. Understanding the causes and symptoms can help you respond appropriately. Visit Veteris.co.uk to find expert vets available to help your pet anytime.
