KYIV, Ukraine — A furious bid was underway Friday to rescue hundreds of civilians still trapped in the besieged Azovstal steel plant, where Ukrainian soldiers sheltering in a maze of underground tunnels have prevented Russian forces from fully capturing the strategic port city of Mariupol.
President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused Russia of “torturing to death” those still inside the sprawling complex.
Others in his government, though, still held out hopes of plucking a few more to safety.
“The next stage of rescuing our people from Azovstal is underway at the moment,” Andriy Yermak, head of Zelenskyy’s office, said early Friday.
The rescue attempt — the third of its kind in the last week by the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross — comes amid renewed ground assaults on the sprawling steelworks by Russian troops, despite earlier pledges that they would only seal it off.
At the same time, fighting continued in eastern Ukraine, where the Kremlin’s forces have redoubled their efforts to capture the Donbas region, which is home to many ethnic Russians. Ukraine has battled against pro-Russia separatists in the area for l eight years, and there are suggestions that Ukrainian soldiers could try to mount a counteroffensive to push back Russian troops from around the key city of Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second-largest.
The attacks on the Mariupol steelworks are believed to be intensifying in order to subdue the last remnant of armed resistance in the southern city before Monday’s Victory Day celebrations in Russia marking the Soviet Union’s defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II. The annual patriotic event is highlighted by a military parade in Moscow’s Red Square and other cities, and the fall of Mariupol would give Russian President Vladimir Putin a symbolic victory at a time when most Western allies are uniting behind Ukraine.
In the latest show of such support, First Lady Jill Biden left the U.S. for a trip to Romania and Slovakia to visit U.S. troops and meet with Ukrainian refugees, whose ranks have swelled to more than 5.7 million since Russia invaded their homeland Feb. 24.
“It’s so important to the president and to me that the Ukrainian people know that we stand with them,” the first lady told reporters before departing.
Meanwhile, a new human rights report cited “compelling” evidence of atrocities against Ukrainian civilians by Russian troops when a region near the capital, Kyiv, was occupied during roughly the first month of the war. Amnesty International, in a report Friday, cited proof of abuses including execution-style killings and torture. Despite a trail of mutilated bodies left behind, Russia has said evidence uncovered by international investigators is phony.
The Western response to the war has been relatively unified, but a fresh crack appeared Friday when Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban said his country could not support a European Union proposal to ban Russian oil imports. Hungary, an EU member since 2004, relies on Russia for two-thirds of its oil supplies.
Orban said an embargo would be tantamount to dropping an “atomic bomb” on Hungary’s economy. Slovakia, which is also heavily dependent on Russian oil, has also expressed reservations.
With Ukraine pleading for more military aid, Germany confirmed that it would send seven of its most advanced self-propelled howitzers — massive artillery guns mounted on tracked armored vehicles. The assistance comes after Germany lifted its policy of not sending heavy weapons to conflict zones last week after growing calls to do more to help Ukraine’s defense.
Ukraine desperately needs the West to maintain pressure on Moscow now that fighting is concentrated in the east, where Russian forces and Russia-backed separatists aim to widen their hold after their failure to capture the capital, Kyiv.
On Thursday, a U.S. official told reporters that Washington has been sharing intelligence with Ukraine, including information that ultimately led to the sinking of the Moskva, a Russian missile cruiser struck and sunk in the Black Sea last month.
But Pentagon spokesman John Kirby stressed in a subsequent statement that the United States did not have prior knowledge of the strike on the vessel, the flagship of Russia’s Black Sea fleet.
Russia’s defense ministry said Friday that its forces destroyed a Ukrainian ammunition depot in the city of Kramatorsk and that its air defenses downed two Ukrainian warplanes in the Luhansk region, in the Donbas. The claims could not be independently verified.
Air-raid sirens also sounded in Kyiv Friday afternoon and again in the early evening. The capital region, which had braced for an assault by a column of Russian tanks in the opening weeks of the war, has largely been spared attack recently.
Mayor Vitali Klitschko took to the messaging app Telegram on Friday to warn against public gatherings in the city over the weekend, in advance of the Russian holiday. Municipal authorities stopped short of a tighter curfew, but reminded residents that mass events are prohibited.
Mariupol has been the focus of close attention because its capture would allow Russia to link its forces in the northeast and southeast and would help establish a land corridor along the southern seacoast to the Crimean peninsula, which Moscow illegally annexed in 2014. Russian control of Mariupol’s port would also choke off Ukraine’s access to the Sea of Azov, an important shipping hub.
Relentless shelling has created a humanitarian disaster in the city, but nearly 500 civilians were rescued in two evacuations in the last week, according to U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.
Up to 2,000 Ukrainian soldiers are believed to still be lurking beneath the Azovstal complex, which has been pummeled by Russian munitions.
Despite dwindling food and ammunition, the defenders remain determined to continue fighting.
“They won’t surrender,” Kateryna Prokopenko, the wife of a Ukrainian commander at the site, told the Associated Press. “They only hope for a miracle.”
Zelenskyy, speaking Friday to the British think tank Chatham House, said of Mariupol: “The entire city has been destroyed.”
Russia has denied entering the steelworks and says the refusal by Ukrainian soldiers to surrender is endangering the lives of the remaining civilians.
Ukrainian officials say Russian troops gained access to the plant with the help of an electrician who knew the layout of the factory complex.
“He showed them the underground tunnels which are leading to the factory,” Anton Gerashchenko, an advisor to Ukraine’s Internal Affairs Ministry, said in a video posted Wednesday, according to the AP. “Yesterday, the Russians started storming these tunnels, using the information they received from the betrayer.”
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(King reported from Kyiv and Pierson from Singapore.)
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