Nine cases of monkeypox virus have been identified in the UK, with people warned to be on their guard for risk of spread. Here, we look at what it is, its symptoms and its risks.
What is monkeypox?
Monkeypox cases are usually found in West Africa, and the virus does not often spread elsewhere. That is why outbreaks reported in Britain, Portugal, Spain and the United States have cased alarm among public health experts.
The disease, which was first discovered in monkeys, is usually mild but can cause severe illness in some cases.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of monkeypox include fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, swollen lymph nodes, chills and exhaustion. A rash can develop, often beginning on the face, which then spreads to other parts of the body including the genitals.
The rash can look like chickenpox or syphilis, and scabs can form which then fall off. The incubation period of monkeypox is usually from six to 13 days but can range from five to 21 days.
What has happened in the UK?
To date, there are nine cases in the UK, with the initial case having returned from travel to Nigeria. The World Health Organisation (WHO) says that, based on currently available information, some people are catching the infection in the UK.
As of May 15, two confirmed cases were in the same family (these were unconnected to the initial case). Separately, six other cases have been confirmed in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men who have attended sexual health services.
Two of these cases have known contacts in common. Monkeypox is not normally a sexually-transmitted infection, but it can be passed on by direct contact during sex.
It can also be spread through touching clothing, bedding or towels used by someone with the monkeypox rash, and through the coughs and sneezes of somebody with the infection.
What does the UK Health Security Agency say?
The virus spreads through close contact and the UKHSA is advising people, particularly those who are gay, bisexual or who have sex with men, to be alert to any unusual rashes or lesions on any part of their body. Anyone who is worried is advised to contact sexual health services and to call ahead for an appointment, or to call 111.
The UKHSA said the virus does not usually spread easily between people and the risk to the UK population overall remains low. London's public health director, Professor Kevin Fenton, has said plans are in place to stock up on treatments in case infections rise in the capital.
These include vaccines and antiviral medicines, with household contacts of those infected possibly offered jabs. The UKHSA is carrying out contact tracing of people who have been in close contact with the affected.
