Hezbollah, a Shia Islamist group based in Lebanon and backed by Iran, is considered one of the most heavily armed non-state groups globally. The group has been engaged in confrontations with Israeli forces on Lebanon's southern border since October 8, raising concerns about a potential regional conflict.
Despite being outnumbered by Israel's military strength, Hezbollah possesses a sophisticated arsenal that could inflict significant damage on Israel and its allies. The group is part of an Iran-led axis of militants across Yemen, Syria, Gaza, and Iraq, collectively known as the 'ring of fire.'
Hezbollah's history traces back to the aftermath of Israel's 1982 invasion of Beirut, evolving from a small group of Islamist fighters to a formidable force. In 2000, Hezbollah's guerrilla fighters compelled Israeli forces to withdraw from south Lebanon after a more-than-20-year occupation. The group also survived a 34-day war with Israel in 2006.
During Syria's civil war, Hezbollah fought alongside Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, gaining experience in urban warfare and solidifying alliances with Iran-backed groups. The group facilitated a crucial supply route for weapons between Iran and Lebanon through Iraq and Syria.
Hezbollah's strategy against Israel has focused on asymmetric warfare, seeking to enhance its political and military influence while establishing deterrence. However, provoking Israel's full military might could jeopardize the group's capabilities and lead to significant losses.
Recent border confrontations have resulted in casualties on both sides, with over 400 Hezbollah fighters and around 150 civilians killed. Israeli strikes have displaced thousands and caused numerous casualties. Hezbollah has attempted to undermine Israel's Iron Dome missile defense system by deploying drones and short-range missiles.
In the event of an all-out war between Israel and Lebanon, the Middle East would face unprecedented challenges. Diplomatic efforts to prevent such a conflict are ongoing amidst escalating tensions.
