Monkeypox vaccines are set to be offered more widely in the UK to people at higher risk of exposure to help control the recent outbreak. A recent strategy published by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) states the government's plans to broadening eligibility for vaccination, as 793 cases have now been confirmed in Britain.
While Monkeypox can be contracted by anyone, data from UKHSA of latest outbreak indicates that most cases have occurred in men who are homosexual, bisexual, or men who have partaken in sexual activity with other men.
Currently, the virus is not defined as a sexually transmitted infection, but it can be passed on by close and intimate contact that occurs during sexual intercourse and can be spread by both animals and humans.
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The UKHSA's vaccination strategy, which was consulted on the eligibility criteria for the vaccine, recommends offering the smallpox vaccine Imvanex, which is shown to be effective against monkeypox, to men considered to be at higher risk of exposure.
The strategy is endorsed by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI), and states an individual’s eligibility would depend on a number of factors. But would be similar to the criteria used to assess those eligible for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) – but applied regardless of HIV status.
The strategy states that doctors may advise vaccination for someone who, for example, has multiple partners, participates in group sex or attends ‘sex on premises’ venues. NHS England is due to set out details on how eligible people can get vaccinated shortly. People are advised not to come forward for the vaccine until contacted.
Dr Mary Ramsay, Head of Immunisation at UKHSA, said: "Our extensive contact tracing work has helped to limit the spread of the monkeypox virus, but we are continuing to see a notable proportion of cases in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men.
"By expanding the vaccine offer to those at higher risk, we hope to break chains of transmission and help contain the outbreak. Although most cases are mild, severe illness can occur in some people, so it is important we use the available vaccine to target groups where spread is ongoing. The NHS will soon set out details on how this will be delivered – so do not come forward for the vaccine yet."
She added: "In the meantime, everyone should continue to be alert to any new spots, ulcers or blisters on any part of their body, particularly if they’ve had close contact with a new partner. If you think you have these symptoms, avoid close contact with others and call NHS 111 or your local sexual health centre, though please phone ahead before attending."
Alex Sparrowhawk, Health Promotion Specialist at Terrence Higgins Trust, said: "This targeted vaccination programme is a positive move forward while the data still shows monkeypox is disproportionately affecting gay and bisexual men in the UK.
"We encourage everyone, regardless of their sexuality, to be vigilant about new spots, ulcers and blisters. We are continuing to closely monitor the latest data in order to play our part in providing the latest guidance and health information on monkeypox, to empower the communities most affected to best protect their health."
Robbie de Santos, Director of Communications and External Affairs at Stonewall, said: "While we know anyone can catch monkeypox, we welcome the vaccine being offered to those gay and bi men who are eligible and currently at a higher risk of getting the virus. It is important that gay and bi men get the vaccine when offered to protect themselves and others. Let’s help get the outbreak under control so we can all have a safe and happy pride season."
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