Nikolai Ryzhkov, the former Soviet prime minister known for his role in attempting to stabilize the faltering Soviet economy in the waning years of the USSR, has died at the age of 94. Ryzhkov, who served as prime minister for six years, was a key figure in implementing Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's liberal reforms aimed at decentralizing controls and promoting private enterprise.
Despite his efforts to adapt to the changing economic and political landscape, Ryzhkov's tenure ultimately set the stage for the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Born into a coal miner's family in Soviet Ukraine, Ryzhkov began his career as a mechanic before rising through the ranks to hold senior positions in the Soviet government.
Appointed as prime minister in 1985, Ryzhkov oversaw Gorbachev's modernization initiative, known as 'Perestroika,' which aimed to revitalize the Soviet economy and promote private sector growth. However, his attempts to liberalize prices in 1990 resulted in rampant inflation and exacerbated food shortages, leading to public discontent.
Amid mounting criticism and political reforms that challenged the Communist Party's grip on power, Ryzhkov faced scrutiny in the national parliament and was eventually relieved of his duties in 1991 following a heart attack. He later reentered politics in post-Soviet Russia, serving in the parliament until 2003 and supporting President Vladimir Putin's policies.
Ryzhkov's passing was announced by Valentina Matviyenko, the speaker of the Russian parliament, where he was the oldest member. The cause of death has not been disclosed, and funeral arrangements are pending.
