A former Colorado sheriff’s deputy has been convicted in the shooting death of a 22-year-old man in distress who called 911 for help after his car got stuck.
Jurors found Andrew Buen guilty of criminally negligent homicide in the June 2022 death of Christian Glass, whose death drew national attention and led to changes in how officers are trained to respond to people in mental health crises under a $19 million settlement with his family.
Murder convictions of police officers for actions taken while they were on duty is rare and have happened only nine times in the U.S. over the past two decades, according to criminal justice expert Philip Stinson at Bowling Green University.
Prosecutors alleged that Buen needlessly escalated a standoff with Glass, who showed signs of a mental health crisis and refused orders to get out of his SUV near the small town of Silver Plume.
The defense argued that Buen was legally justified in shooting Glass, who had a knife, to protect a fellow officer.
This was the second trial for Buen. Nearly a year ago, another jury convicted him of misdemeanor reckless endangerment but could not reach agreement on the murder charge and a charge of official misconduct. With the support of Glass’ family, prosecutors decided to try him again for second-degree murder. Jurors also had the option of convicting him on lesser charges.
A second officer indicted in Glass’ death pleaded guilty previously to a misdemeanor. Charges against two other officers from the state's gaming division were dropped in December. A judge ruled that they were not covered by a Colorado law that makes it a crime for officers to fail to intervene to stop a fellow officer from using excessive force.
After his SUV got stuck, Glass told a 911 dispatcher he was being followed. He also made other statements suggesting he was paranoid, hallucinating or delusional and experiencing a mental health crisis, according to Buen’s indictment.
When Buen and other officers arrived, Glass refused to get out. Video footage from officers’ body cameras showed Glass making heart shapes with his hands to the officers..
The officers fired bean bag rounds and shocked Glass with a Taser, but that failed to make Glass exit the car. He then took a knife he had offered to surrender at the beginning of the encounter and flung it out a rear window, which had been broken by a bean bag, toward an officer, according to the indictment. At that point Buen fired five times at him.
“Lord hear me, Lord hear me,” was heard saying moments before he was shot.
Sally Glass said her son had depression and was diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. She said he was “having a mental health episode” during his interaction with the police.
The $19 million settlement reached in 2023 was the largest in state history for a death involving the police. Clear Creek County, where Glass was shot, agreed to establish a crisis response team and for its sheriff’s office to train and certify all deputies in crisis intervention.
The state, which had three officers on the scene, killing, agreed to create a virtual reality training scenario for the Colorado State Patrol based on the shooting to focus on de-escalation in stressful situations involving officers from different agencies. The program focuses on encouraging officers to intervene if they think a fellow officer is going too far or needs to step away from an incident.
“Speak up and say something, and stop the onslaught,” Simon Glass, the victim's father, said in a previous interview. “None of them did what they should have done that night, and if they had, he’d be alive.”
Since 20005 there have been 205 cases of nonfederal law enforcement officers being arrested for murder or manslaughter resulting from on-duty shootings, according to a database compiled by Stinson at Bowling Green.
Of those, 68 were convicted of a crime, and 42 are still pending
Nine were sentenced for murder with sentences ranging from 81 months to life in prison, with an average sentence of 18 years, Stinson and his fellow researchers found.
Convictions are rare because jurors are reluctant to second-guess the split-second decisions of officers in potentially violent encounters, Stinson said. That has not changed in recent years despite increased use of police body cameras and more attention from the public.
“I would have predicted a decade ago we'd see more convictions,” Stinson said. “But what we're seeing is business as usual in law enforcement. Policing does not change quickly.”
