LOS ANGELES — A combination of heat, low humidity and parched vegetation continues to bedevil firefighters battling an inferno burning in the Sierra Nevada foothills near Yosemite that has forced thousands to flee their homes.
The Oak fire started Friday near Midpines and had grown to 14,281 acres as of early Sunday, making it California’s largest blaze so far this season and prompting Gov. Gavin Newsom to declare a state of emergency for Mariposa County.
Although not as large or destructive as the August Complex fire in 2020 or the Dixie fire in 2021, experts worry the Oak fire is the start of what could be a particularly difficult wildfire season in California.
A combination of climate change, intense drought and overgrown vegetation over the last several decades has increased the likelihood of devastating, fast-moving fires.
“I think we can expect much more of the same, unfortunately,” said Park Williams, an associate professor and climate scientist at UCLA. “As long as we have more heat waves then we will continue to see forests in California really primed to burn because it’s just been so dry.”
Temperatures in the mid-90s — slightly warmer than usual — and single-digit humidity have created a punishing situation for crews battling the Oak fire.
The blaze has destroyed 10 structures, damaged five and is threatening more than 2,600 others, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. The fire has forced more than 3,000 residents to flee their homes. Officials have not determined what caused the fire.
Smoke billowing from the blaze choked much of the San Joaquin Valley over the weekend as the fire continued to creep northeast toward the mountain community of Jerseydale and south toward Bootjack.
The plumes of smoke were so thick Sunday morning that they were blowing into Bootjack Market & Deli, about a quarter-mile from the blaze.
Keisha McGruder, who manages the deli just off Highway 49, said she’s staying open in spite of the conditions to make sure people get food and supplies they need to either hunker down or flee.
That group includes the crew of firefighters and emergency personnel that McGruder is offering free coffee and soft drinks to while they turn her parking lot into a impromptu meeting spot.
“It’s pretty devastating up here,” she said.
Since Friday the fire has quickly chewed through parched grass, brush, woodland oak and has moved into timber stands. There flames have overtaken conifers killed by drought and bark beetle infestations causing crown fires, where the blaze burns through the top layer of foliage on a tree.
The heavy fuel load and wind, created by the fire itself, have sent embers casting more than a mile from the blaze, said Hector Vasquez, a spokesperson for Cal Fire.
Despite the weather conditions, resources have been plentiful. More than 2,000 firefighters were battling the blaze Sunday, up from about 500 a day earlier.
“One of the biggest contributing factors is that we are the only big fight going on right now so we can attract those resources to come in from all over the state,” Vasquez said.
While daytime temperatures are likely to hover in the 90s this week, overnight humidity is expected to improve as monsoonal moisture moves into the region from northern Mexico on Tuesday, said Jeff Barlow, lead forecaster with the National Weather Service.
“Daytime is tough because the fuel is so heavy with tons of dead trees and the fire is kind of almost creating its own weather environment,” Barlow said. “It’s overnight when the fires lay down where we’ll be able to see some better overnight recovery.”
Air quality officials predicted the relentless smoke would travel as far as the Bay Area early Monday.
Red Cross officials had checked in more than 100 people at the main evacuation center at Mariposa Elementary School as of early Sunday afternoon.
A little less than half stayed overnight in cots in converted classrooms, said local Red Cross spokesperson Taylor Poisall.
Aubrey Brown and his wife, Lynda, have been at the center since Friday when they rushed from their home in the Lushmeadows community.
Brown was working in his garage when he noticed the sky turning orange. He walked outside to see a giant smoke plume encircling their home.
The couple, both 70, moved from the Bay Area a year and a half ago, enticed by a countryside that reminded them of their youth in more rural areas.
They bought a two-acre property with a custom home with a glass wall that offers sweeping views of the mountains. They understood they were buying into an area prone to fire.
“We bought with our eyes wide open,” Lynda Brown said. “There’s a price you pay for having paradise these days.”
Sitting in her front yard Sunday morning while ash rained down on her, Beth Pratt was thankful that things weren’t worse.
Less than a mile from the evacuation zone in Midpines, Pratt had packed up her car on Saturday ready to leave.
“The fire blew up,” said Pratt, 53, who is the California regional executive director for the National Wildlife Federation. “It looked like Godzilla over my house.”
But then firefighting jets began to arrive, dumping retardant and tamping down the flames near her. Pratt cheered them from the ground. The planes haven’t stopped coming.
“Here I am in the middle of nowhere outside Yosemite,” she said. “But I feel like I’ve been under LAX the last couple of days.”
In the 25 years she’s lived in Midpines, she’s had to evacuate three times due to wildfires. But she said the Oak fire has been her scariest experience because it’s so large and fast moving.
She’s been without power in the sweltering temperatures, hauling up water for herself, five dogs, two cats and a lizard.
Pratt is planning to stay until there’s an evacuation order because leaving is stressful on her animals, and because once you leave it’s hard to get back, she said.
“I’m still not out of the woods,” Pratt said. “The wind is blowing the fire away from me. But that means it’s blowing it to someone else, which doesn’t make you feel good.”
