That’s all for today. Thanks for following along with us and be sure to check out our look back at the 22 most memorable games from world championship history.
Ding speaks about his choice to play the French Defense (1 e4 e6). It’s only the third time it’s been played in the opening game of a world championship match.
“Because it was the first game I thought he might get nervous at the start of the match, so I tried to play something unusual which I haven’t played for a long time,” he says. “And it turned out to work perfectly.”
“For sure I was nervous,” Gukesh says. “And I think it would be surprising if I said I wasn’t nervous. I was surely nervous, but after the game started I calmed down. I obviously surprised him in the opening. I was playing some good chess. But unfortunately then the momentum kind of slipped.”
“I feel very good,” Ding says. “I haven’t won a single classical game for a long time and today I managed to do that. But this game, I think to be fair, it’s very lucky for me because I missed two tactics.”
Ding is asked why he spent 24 minutes on 7...a5.
“I analyzed it, but I couldn’t remember what’s a continuation,” he says. I have to decide between playing the line I knew, but maybe I didn’t know as carefully as I should have, or [whether] I needed to come up with a new idea in the game myself. And I chose the second one.”
Ding Liren entered the world title match on a 28-game winless streak in classical games dating back to January. He’s ended that schneid in spectacular fashion, winning Game 1 with the black pieces against an Indian challenger widely regarded as the favorite. The 32-year-old never once led in his three-week match with Ian Nepomniachtchi to win the vacant title last year.
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Gukesh resigns after 42 moves!
Ding plays 42...Kh8 and Gukesh offers a handshake. He’s resigned after 42 moves!
Ding Liren dodges the one trap and Gukesh resigns Game 1 of the 2024 FIDE World Championship! Match on!#DingGukesh pic.twitter.com/DaVzYy22pP
— chess24 (@chess24com) November 25, 2024
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The match enters its fifth hour. And Ding has left the board for the first time today. Gukesh will fight on 41...Qxa2 42 Be6+.
Ding plays 40...Qc2+. They both have a half hour added to their clocks and Ding will have 30 extra minutes to convert his considerable winning advantage. Gukesh plays 41 Kg3 and Ding is back on the clock.
Ding appears within touching distance of ending his 304-day winless streak in classical games.
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Gukesh makes it to the time control! And with only one second left after a flurry of moves: 33 Qe3 Rxf1+ 34 Bxf1 e5 35 Bxe5 Qxg4+ 36 Bg2 Bf5 37 Bg3 Be4 38 Kh2 h6 39 Bh3 Qd1 40 Bd6. Ding has two minutes to respond ...
Gukesh made 40th move with 1 second on a clock! #DingGukesh pic.twitter.com/T2JGqx7UlQ
— International Chess Federation (@FIDE_chess) November 25, 2024
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Gukesh plays 33 Qe3. He’s got 45 seconds to make seven moves. Six seconds a move, give or take!
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Gukesh under two minutes. Gukesh under 90 seconds. Gukesh under 80 seconds. Gukesh under a minute …
Ding finally castles 31...O-O. Then a pair of quick moves as Ding tries to keep the pressure on: 32 Bd4 Nd3. Ding with six and a half minutes and Gukesh already under three.
Ding moves his queen across with 30...Qc4. Gukesh, under four minutes, avoids the exchange with 31 Qd2.
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Gukesh finally plays 30 Qc2. The evaluation bar really didn’t like that one. Gukesh has 4min 27sec to make his next 10 moves. High drama in Singapore!
Tick, tick, tick. Gukesh is down two pawns and has seven minutes to make 11 moves.
Ding captures with 28...Qxe5. He’s up two pawns. A knight exchange follows (29 Nxf4 Qxf4). Ding with 17 minutes on his clock, Gukesh with less than eight. What tension!
Ding captures with 25...Rxc3. A quick rook exchange follows (26 Rxc3 Qxc3). Then a pawn exchange (27 fxe6 fxe6). Gukesh then plays 28 Ne2.
Gukesh is in serious trouble. But he’s made a move in 25 Qb1 that will require calculation from Ding and keep the pressure off at least momentarily.
Gukesh plays 24 h4 and Ding plays 24...Bf4 instantly, keeping the time pressure on. Gukesh has about 15 minutes left (and counting) while Ding has 29min 47sec.
Gukesh’s 22 Qe1 appears to be the first big mistake of the match. The engines are going off like fire alarms. Ding threatens the rook with 22…Bg5. Gukesh moves it out of harm’s way with 23 Rc4 and Ding instantly plays 23…Rc4. Ding has snatched the initiative!
“Aggressor vs Counter Puncher!” the Hungarian-American grandmaster Susan Polgar writes. “Gukesh is behind on time now. This is Ding’s strategy. He believes that Gukesh will begin to play inacurrately in time pressure.”
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Gukesh plays 21 f5. He’s going all-in! “He’s going for it,” the English grandmaster David Howell says on the official Fide broadcast. “This is what we love to see. Great move, brave move. Did cost him a bit of time but at least now he has a clear plan. He’s going to go for checkmate. He’s going to go for the black king.”
Ding follows with 21...Qd3 and Gukesh avoids the immediate exchange with 22 Qe1.
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Gukesh plays 20 Rac1 and Ding answers with 20...Qc4. Improbably, Ding has caught up on time. He’s on 32min 52sec while Gukesh is below 32min … and counting.
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Ding plays 19…Rc8. He’s got 33 minutes left while Gukesh is down to 37 minutes (and counting). Neither will get more time until he’s played his 40th move. The position is heating up.
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Gukesh returns, waits a minute, then recaptures with the knight as expected (18 Nxd4). Then Ding wastes no time before playing 18...Nb2. Gukesh quickly responds with 19 Qd3.
After more than 33 minutes of thinking, Gukesh opts for 17 Qe2. He immediately steps away from the table. Ding captures with 17...Nxd4. When Gukesh returns, he will almost certainly recapture with his knight.
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Gukesh is in the tank! The 18-year-old has been pondering his response to 16...Bd7 for more than 25 minutes now. But he’s still more than 20 minutes ahead of Ding on time.
This could get hairy for Ding. He has a little more than 36 minutes to make his next 24 moves. It’s roughly an average of 90 seconds per move.
Ding plays 16...Bd7. The Norwegian supercomputer Sesse evaluates the position as dead even.
Gukesh castles kingside after a nine-minute think (15 O-O), then a couple of natural moves follow in quick succession: 15...Nc4 16 Bf2. The following moves will be critical for Ding.
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Ding plays 14...Nb6 after an 18-minute think. He’s down to 39 minutes. Gukesh takes his seat and mulls his next move. The engines are evaluating this position as close to even, but black’s lack of a clear plan is concerning.
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We are into the middlegame, both players out of their opening prep. Ding is mulling his response to 14 Nexd4. Gukesh is pacing around the room with twice as much time (1hr 31min) as the champion (roughly 45m).
Gukesh blocks the diagonal with 13 b4. Ding retreats the queen (13...Qc7). Gukesh recaptures the pawn (14 Nexd4).
Ding pushes his a-pawn (11...a3), Gukesh answers with 12 b3 and Ding captures 12...cxd4. Gukesh is going to take some time and think this one over. Will he immediately recaputure or put white’s king in check with his bishop?
Gukesh plays 11 Bg2 after a 20-minute think, then steps away from the board and playing hall. The challenger has 98 minutes to make his next 29 moves, while Ding has 66 minutes to make his next 30 moves. (After each player makes his 40th move, he will receive an extra 30 minutes with an 30-second increment.)
Gukesh has been on the clock for more than 10 minutes, pondering his response to 10…Qa5.
Reader John Cox sends in a friendly correction for IM Lawrence Trent:
Lawrence can’t be right that 6 Nce2 isn’t in the notes - this isn’t some sideline or novelty; it’s White’s second most popular move and most ambitious try in the most popular GM line against Ding’s chosen opening. It’s hard to overstate how astonishing it is that Ding’s apparently on his own already.
Ding finally decides on 10...Qa5. And now Gukesh settles in for his first think of the game.
The stat of the day comes from the mailbag. Longtime reader Sean emails to say that in 138 years of world championship matches, the French Defense (1 e4 e6) has only been played three times in the opening game. And all three of those games ended decisively.
Some slightly worrying body language from Ding, who is more than 45 minutes behind on time before making his 10th move.
The English IM Lawrence Trent doesn’t like what he sees for Ding. “Hate to say it but don’t see how Ding survives today,” he writes. This just isn’t his kind of position at all and he’s already 30 minutes behind on the clock. I’d also wager that 6.Nce2 isn’t in his notes anywhere.”
We have a move! Ding goes with 7...a5. And Gukesh immediately develops a knight in response. The next few moves: 8 Nf3 a4 9 Be3 Be7. The teenage challenger then blitzes out the novelty 10 g4. Fearless. And Ding is already a half-hour behind on the clock.
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A 24-minute think (and counting) for Ding Liren on the seventh move of this world championship match.
“At this point I’m kind of a little bit worried about Ding that he’s spending too much time on deciding and he’s hesitating too much at this point,” Polgar says on Chess24’s broadcast. “Or does he have a little fear about what will happen in Game 1 or how he should be handling this very special moment.”
Ding has been thinking for 17 minutes and counting. “It cannot be a solid game anymore,” the Hungarian grandmaster Judit Polgár says. “The knives are out. They are fighting.”
A huge decision that will dictate the next few moves looms.
Ding finally plays 6...Nc6 and Gukesh immediately responds with 7 c3. Another long think for the champion.
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The French is a bit of a surprise from Ding. They go through their next moves quickly (2 d4 d5 3 Nc3 Nf6 4 e5 Nfd7 5 f4 c5 6 Nce2), before Ding is the first person to stop and take a think.
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Game 1 is under way!
Gukesh opens with a king’s pawn (1 e4) and Ding responds with a French Defense (1...e6).
Ding and Gukesh have entered the playing hall. They have taken their seats as the American grandmaster Maurice Ashley goes through the introductions.
Our Leonard Barden has filed his final dispatch ahead of today’s opening game. Barden, who’s written the Guardian’s chess column every week since September 1955, doesn’t divert from the general consensus in his assessment of the match.
The preliminaries are nearly over: who will win? I expect Gukesh to be cautious in the first few games, then to probe and push hard in the middle of the match. Ding’s 2024 form has been so wretched that it is difficult to see how he can keep his title. A 7.5-4.5 margin for Gukesh looks about right.
The format
Here’s a review of the format for the world championship match. Ding and Gukesh will play up to 14 classical games with each player awarded one point for a win and a half-point for a draw. Whoever reaches seven and a half points first will be declared the champion (and no further games will be played).
The time control for each game is 120 minutes per side for the first 40 moves, then 30 minutes for the rest of the game, with a 30-second increment per move starting with move 41. Players are not allowed to agree to a draw before black’s 40th move. A draw claim before then is only permitted if a threefold repetition or stalemate has occurred.
If the score is equal after 14 games, a series of tiebreak games with faster time controls will be played.
The complete official regulations can be found here.
A look inside the playing hall with 20 minutes to go. And Gukesh’s imperial seating arrangement. Not much longer now.
The calm before the storm! #DingGukesh pic.twitter.com/q9LCwp3lzO
— International Chess Federation (@FIDE_chess) November 25, 2024
Lots of history on hand in Singapore. Not only is this year’s world championship match the first in 138 years to feature two Asian men, it’s also the first without at least one European player. Gukesh addressed that milestone, and what it means for the sport, in a virtual press conference on Tuesday.
“It’s nice that this will be the first time there is no European in a world championship match,” Gukesh said. “And I hope in Asia it becomes even more popular, but I think we’re already seeing some very nice growth, not only in India. China has also been a superpower for a few years, and Uzbekistan is also catching up. There’s a lot of potential. Chess is most popular in India by a far margin. I hope it grows even bigger in India but also that other countries take it more seriously.”
Additionally, Gukesh has been working with renowned mind coach Paddy Upton, the South African guru who was part of the backroom staff for the Indian cricket team when they won the 2011 World Cup and the Indian hockey team as they claimed bronze at the Paris Olympics. “Everything can be right in the lead-up to the big moments of performance, but if the arrow is not sharp, it won’t penetrate the bullseye,” Upton told the Indian Express. “Similarly, you might have a golfer whose game is perfect, but things go wrong if they’ve got a limp wrist at the moment of impact. I think there is now more recognition in the world of sport of how mental gains can reduce these moments.”
How do they match up?
Ding and Gukesh have met only three times in classical games due to their age difference. Ding holds a 2½-½ edge in their head-to-head with two wins and one draw, all since January 2023. Their most recent meeting happened in January at the Tata Steel Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee, where Ding won playing as black.
But Ding has played only 44 classical games in the 19 months since winning the world title amid a well-documented bout with depression. Since returning from a nine-month hiatus to prioritize his mental health, Ding suffered four consecutive losses and came in dead last at the Norway Chess tournament in May, finished third from bottom at August’s Sinquefield Cup at St Louis after winning just 3½ points from nine games, then failed to win a single game at September’s Chess Olympiad in Budapest to drop out of the top 20. He enters the world title match on a 28-game winless streak in classical games dating back to January.
Most of the world’s top players have expressed great pessimism about Ding’s chances due to his sparse activity and unremarkable form. So too have the oddsmakers, who have installed him as a roughly 3-1 underdog. Carlsen says: “Obviously, Gukesh is a significant favorite, and if he strikes first he will win the match without any trouble. However, the longer it goes without a decisive game, the better it is for Ding Liren, because he has the ability but he doesn’t have the confidence.”
We’ve gone through the 138-year history of the world championship and chosen 22 of the most memorable games. You can go move by move through each of them here. It’s the perfect timesuck with roughly 45 minutes to go before today’s first move.
From the middle of the 16th century, there have come down to us the names of chess players who have been widely regarded as the strongest of their time. The earliest of these was the Spanish priest Ruy López de Segura, after whom one of the most popular openings of modern times is named. Others who followed include the Calabrese Gioachino Greco, François-André Danican Philidor, Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais, Alexander McDonnell, Howard Staunton, Adolf Anderssen, Mikhail Chigorin and Paul Morphy, each of whom are lionized for their contributions to the development of theory and strategy as well as their dominance over their board during their respective eras.
But not until Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort sat down in a small room at 80 Fifth Avenue in New York City on the afternoon of 11 January 1886 did a formal competition to determine the best player on the planet come to pass. Their first-to-10-wins encounter was held in three US cities over the next 78 days for a prize fund of $4,000. Since then, the world chess championship has provided the stage for countless unforgettable contests showcasing the precision, imagination and brilliance of the royal game at the highest level.
The credibility of Ding’s world title, of course, remains an open question. The absence of Magnus Carlsen continues to loom large over the sport’s showcase event. The 33-year-old Norwegian has been ranked No 1 for more than 14 straight years and was considered the world’s best player even before he defeated Viswanathan Anand for the world championship in 2013. He strengthened his claim as the greatest player of any era in 2021, when he crushed Nepomniachtchi in Dubai in the fourth defense of the title.
But Carlsen decided against defending it for a fifth time in 2023, citing a lack of motivation to go through the months-long slog of preparation that championship matches demand. It marked only the second time in the history of world title matchplay that a holder opted not to defend his crown after Bobby Fischer controversially forfeited the belt in 1975.
Instead, Ding defeated Nepomniatchi in a thrilling match for the vacant title, even if critics including longtime world champion Garry Kasparov branded it an “amputated” event without the world’s best player involved.
Kasparov has only doubled down on that sentiment ahead of this year’s title match, saying:
My hottest take is that I don’t treat it as a world championship match. For me a world championship match was always the match for the title of the best player in the world. I think the history of the world championship matches, it started, by the way, here in St Louis, with Steinitz facing Zukertort back in 1886, has ended with Magnus Carlsen. There were 16 world champions, you could call them at every given moment the best players. It’s those who took the title by beating the best player. With all due respect, Ding playing Gukesh, it’s an important event, it’s still a Fide event, it’s an ‘official title’, but these days with all the modern technologies, with chess getting faster and faster, with our lives getting also faster, to keep an antiquated system of qualification, 18 months or longer, to select the challenger, it’s not adequate. ... It’s an event that has nothing to do with the main idea of the world championship – to decide, to define the best player on the planet.
Well then!
Preamble
Hello and welcome to Singapore for day one of the world chess championship. Over the next few weeks, China’s Ding Liren and the fast-rising Indian teenager Gukesh Dommaraju will compete in a scheduled best-of-14-games match for the winner’s share of a $2.5m (£1.98m) prize fund at the Resorts World Sentosa, an island resort off Singapore’s southern coast. It’s the first time in the 138-year history of world championship matchplay that two men from Asia will compete for the sport’s most prestigious title.
Ding became China’s first men’s world chess champion by defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi last year on tiebreakers in Kazakhstan. Known for his solid and precise playing style based on creating small positional advantages from quiet openings, the 32-year-old from Zhejiang province is the highest-rated Chinese player of all time. A graduate of Peking University Law School, he once went unbeaten in 100 straight classical games, a record streak broken only by Magnus Carlsen in 2019.
Gukesh Dommaraju, commonly known as Gukesh D, is an 18-year-old Indian prodigy who became the third-youngest grandmaster in history at 12 years and seven months. In April, at 17, the Chennai native stunned the chess establishment by winning the eight-man Candidates tournament in Toronto to become the youngest ever challenger for the world championship, finishing top of a stacked field that included Nepomniachtchi, Hikaru Nakamura and Fabiano Caruana. An aggressive player known for using sharp, tactical openings to create complex positions aimed at unsettling opponents, he can shatter the record for youngest ever undisputed world champion held by Garry Kasparov, who was 22 when he dethroned Karpov in their 1985 rematch in Moscow.
We’re an hour away from the ceremonial first move. Plenty more to come.
Everything you need to know about the World Chess Championship
China’s Ding Liren is defending the world chess championship against fast-rising Indian teenager Gukesh Dommaraju. The best-of-14-games match is scheduled to take place from 23 November to 15 December at Resorts World Sentosa for an overall prize fund of $2.5m (£1.98m).
Game 1 starts at 5pm local time, 9am in London, 4am in New York
Gukesh will have the white pieces for Game 1 and make the first move
Read the Guardian’s comprehensive watch guide for the world championship match
Go move by move through 22 of the most famous games in world championship history
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Bryan will be here shortly.
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