Labour will reinstate the top rate of income tax for the richest Brits to fund a massive expansion of the NHS workforce.
Shadow Chancellor Rachel Reeves said the NHS was "on its knees" and Labour would ask those with the broadest shoulder to step up.
In a major speech to Labour conference, she said the party would reverse Tory tax cuts for the wealthiest after Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng announced plans to axe the 45p income tax rate in his mini-Budget on Friday.
The tax cut is expected to cost £6billion by 2026 and benefit only 600,000 people, each of whom will receive £10,000 a year.
Ms Reeves told delegates: "We need strong, sustainable public finances alongside strong, sustainable public services.
“So our priority is not tax cuts for the wealthiest few. It is securing our public finances and investing in public services.
“I can tell you: with a Labour government, those at the top will pay their fair share."
Members cheered and applauded as she declared: “The 45p top rate of income tax is coming back."
Labour will double the number of medical school places from 7,500 to 15,000 to bolster doctors' numbers, double the number of district nurses qualifying every year, train 5,000 more health visitors, and create an additional 10,000 nursing and midwifery clinical placements every year.
“It will fall to us to fix the damage the Tories have done," she said.
"We've done it before and we will do it again."
Delegates applauded as she tore into the Government's economic plans, saying: "Why should my constituents in Leeds West, why should the people in Merseyside, pay for tax cuts for those who are already the wealthiest?
"It's not what anyone voted for, it's putting our economy in danger and Labour will fight it every step of the way."
She spoke of her parents, who were primary school teachers, as she underlined the importance of vital public services.
"All in the face of Conservative governments hostile to the very idea of public service," she said.
"I went to school under those governments. I remember what that was like."
The Shadow Chancellor said she would order the Low Pay Commission to review the level of the minimum wage on her first day in No11.
"That’s how we will give working people respect. That’s how we will give working people security," she said.
Ms Reeves vowed to be the first "Green Chancellor" - and insisted fracking wouldn't happen under Labour.
She set out plans for a National Wealth Fund, a state-backed investment plan to pour cash into renewable energy projects and infrastructure.
In a swipe at the Tories, she said: "That is a real plan for the climate. That is a real plan for growth.
"And that is a real plan for levelling up. A zero-carbon economy – made right here. Made in Britain."
TUC chief Frances O'Grady welcomed the commitments to boosting pay, saying: "We need a government that's on the side of working people.
"The policies Rachel Reeves set out today can help deliver a real pay rise for everyone – and are a stark contrast to the Conservatives’ tax cuts for the super-rich."
Unison General Secretary Christina McAnea said: "The need for a proper plan to increase the number of key workers in health and care is something the current government seems unable to grasp.
"Labour gets it, and the need for a green future that's made in Britain. A Labour government in Westminster can't come soon enough."
